Smoking a turkey undoubtedly requires the longest cooking time when compared to other cooking methods, such as roasting, deep frying or even using the barbecue. But the juicy and mouthwatering results are worth any additional cooking time. For smoking enthusiasts, the process in itself is an event and social gathering. Smokers are available in electric, charcoal and gas versions. Gas smokers provide a wider range of cooking temperatures. Unlike charcoal smokers, it is easier to control and maintain the cooking temperature of a gas smoker.
Cooking Time
When estimating the time required for smoking a turkey, plan on smoking 45 minutes to one hour per pound at 250 degrees. If you have a large smoker and intend to smoke several turkeys, or a whole turkey and several turkey breasts, don't figure on smoking for 45 minutes to an hour for the total weight of poultry. The cooking time will be estimated on the largest turkey being smoked. For example, if you are smoking two turkeys, each weighing 10 pounds, the estimated cooking time will be based on 10 pounds, not 20 pounds. If there is a great difference in size--such as smoking a 15-pound turkey and five-pound breast together--the breast may take a third of the time, compared to the whole turkey.
Testing for Doneness
Expect a longer cooking time at higher altitudes. Another factor that will influence the cooking time will be the starting temperature of the bird. A turkey that is not completely thawed will take longer to smoke. Use a thermometer to check the doneness. The meat thermometer should reach 165 degrees before removing the turkey from the smoker. It will continue to cook after being removed and is considered safe to eat when it reaches 180 degrees. Smoked turkey will have a pink tinge even when completely cooked, but the juices should run clear. If the juices are not clear, the turkey needs more cooking time. Another way to check the doneness of a whole turkey is to wiggle the wings or legs. When they are loose or can be easily pulled from the bird, the turkey is done cooking.
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