Not just a delicious, tangy fruit, the grapefruit contains many disease-fighting compounds and helps keep the body functioning properly. Most people associate citrus with immune-boosting vitamin C; however grapefruits are also loaded with other essential healing properties.
History
Grapefruits are available year-round but are in season from winter through early spring. They're generally four to six inches in diameter and come in pink and white seedless varieties. Related to the orange, lemon and pomelo, grapefruits are thought to be a possible breeding between the orange and pomelo.
Powerful Antioxidants and Vitamin C
Researchers recently found that red and white grapefruits contain antioxidants that may reduce the risk of heart disease. Lycopene -- the same element that gives grapefruits its rich colors -- has tumor-fighting properties. Also, vitamin C supports the immune system and reduces cold symptoms. The antioxidants and high levels of vitamin C work together to prevent free radical damage, which reduces the severity of inflammatory conditions such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis.
Other health benefits
Grapefruits also help support prostate health because the compound naringenein helps repair damage in the DNA of prostate cells. The pectin in grapefruits is a form of soluble fiber that slows down the progression of atherosclerosis and reduces LDL cholesterol levels. Also, consuming grapefruits means a lower risk of developing kidney stones. Finally, phytonutrients called liminoids inhibit tumor growth and production. This works with the liver and helps to make toxic compounds more water soluble in the body for more efficient excretion.
Weight Loss
The March 2006 issue of "Journal of Medicinal Food" featured a 12-week study of 100 obese men and women. When those being tested consumed a half of a grapefruit before meals, it resulted in a pound loss. Grapefruits also lower insulin levels in the blood, which can help with weight loss. In addition, less insulin in the blood helps the body to use energy appropriately and not store it as fat.
Storing and using
Grapefruits don't have to be perfect in color to be beneficial. Watch for soft spots, overly rough or wrinkled skin. These may be signs of poor flavor. A grapefruit is ripe and full of antioxidants when it's firm and slightly springy with applied pressure. Enjoy a grapefruit much as you would an orange, or drink fresh-squeezed grapefruit juice.
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